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Glossary of Specialties

Allergists specialize in problems related to the body’s ability to resist disease. They evaluate, diagnosis and manage disorders including asthma, hay fever, eczema, drug reactions and hives.

Anesthesiologists administer anesthetic to induce sleep or numb a part of the body prior to surgery, while monitoring the patient’s life functions.

Cardiologists specialize in the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels. They manage complex heart conditions, perform diagnostic procedures such as cardiac catheterization and angioplasty, and consult with surgeons on heart surgery.

Cardiovascular Surgeons treat disorders of the heart, blood vessels, arteries, veins, lymph system and other organs within the chest cavity.

Certified Nurse Midwives are licensed healthcare practitioners educated in the disciplines of nursing and midwifery. They provide primary care to women of all ages.

Critical Care Medicine is the management of patients with life-threatening illnesses or injuries while in the intensive care unit.

Dentists diagnose, treat and prevent diseases of the teeth, gums, and mouth.

Dermatologists diagnose and treat benign and malignant skin disorders, including cosmetic skin disorders such as hair loss, acne and scars.

Emergency Medicine physicians diagnose and provide initial treatment of cases ranging from minor injuries and illnesses to trauma.

Endocrinologists concentrate on disorders of the endocrine system of glands such as thyroid and adrenal glands, that secrete hormones which serve as messengers traveling throughout the body. They treat patients with diabetes, metabolic, nutritional, menstrual and sexual problems.

Endodontists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the pulp of the tooth.

Family Practice physicians are primary care doctors who prevent, diagnose and treat the vast majority of common illnesses and injuries in patients of all ages. They specialize in providing continuing and comprehensive care for families.

Geneticists study and treat inherited disorders.

Gastroenterologists diagnose and treat diseases of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and other organs involved in the digestive process.

General Surgeons provide preoperative, operative and postoperative care to treat disease or injury in patients.

Gynecologic Oncologists diagnose and treat women with cancer of the reproductive organs.

Hematologists treat diseases of the blood, spleen, and lymph glands such as anemia, clotting disorders, leukemia and lymphoma.

Infectious Disease physicians study and treat infectious diseases of all types and in all organs caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi.

Internal Medicine physicians are primary care doctors who diagnose and treat illnesses in adults which do not require surgery.

Maxillofacial Surgeons diagnose, perform surgery for diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and cosmetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the jaw and face region.

Neonatologists treat newborns, especially those who require specialized care in the first days of life, and consult with obstetricians to plan the care of mothers who have high-risk pregnancies.

Nephrologists diagnose and provide non-surgical treatment of kidney disorders.

Neurologists specialize in diseases of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord and nerves throughout the body.

Neurosurgeons perform surgery on the brain and spinal cord.

Obstetricians/Gynecologists provide specialized care for women. Obstetricians manage pregnancy and childbirth, while gynecologists diagnose and provide medical and surgical care for the female reproductive system.

Oncologists diagnosis and treat cancer and other malignant tumors.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons specialize in surgery of the eyelids, orbit (eye socket), and tear drainage system.

Ophthalmologists diagnose and treat injuries and diseases of the eye.

Oral Surgeons are specialists who treat diseases of the mouth, jaw, jaw joints, teeth, facial deformities and maxillofacial trauma.

Orthodontists specialize in straightening teeth.

Orthopaedic physicians provide preventative and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal system: bones, joints, muscles, ligaments and tendons.

Otolaryngologists treat illnesses of the ear, nose and throat.

Pain Management Physicians specialize in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic pain.

Pathologists study body tissues, cells and fluids to diagnose disease.

Pediatricians care for children from infancy through adolescence.

Pedodontists specialize in children’s dentistry.

Perinatologists specialize in the care of high risk pregnant women and work in conjunction with obstetricians.

Periodontists specialize in treating problems of the gums.

Peripheral Vascular Surgeons treat blood vessels of the extremities.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation physicians diagnose, evaluate and treat patients with impairments and/or disabilities involving musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular or other body systems.

Plastic Surgeons specialize in the repair and reconstruction of defects of form and function of the skin and its underlying musculoskeletal system.

Podiatrists specialize in the care of the foot.

Prosthodontists specialize in restoring missing teeth.

Psychiatrists specialize in preventing, diagnosing and treating mental illnesses.

Psychologists (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) are specialists who use a variety of approaches to assess and treat behavioral and emotional problems.

Pulmonary Medicine physicians specialize in the diagnose and treatment of diseases of the lungs and airways.

Radiologists diagnose diseases by administering and interpreting x-rays, and other diagnostic imaging techniques.

Radiation Oncologists apply radiant energy to diagnosis and treat problems such as tumors.

Retina, Vitreous Surgeons specialize in the treatment of the retina and vitreous chamber of the eyeball.

Rheumatologists diagnose and treat diseases of the joints, muscles, bones and tendons such as arthritis, back pain and common athletic injuries.

Thoracic Surgeons specialize in surgery dealing with the lungs.

Urologists treat diseases and abnormalities of the kidney, reproductive and urinary systems.

Vascular Surgeons treat disorders of the blood vessels, excluding those immediately adjacent to the heart, lungs or brain.

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